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''Cinchona'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at least 23 species of trees and shrubs.〔(''Cinchona''. ) Selected Rubiaceae Tribes and Genera. Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden.〕 They are native to the tropical Andean forests of western South America. A few species are reportedly naturalized in Central America, Jamaica, French Polynesia, Sulawesi, Saint Helena in the South Atlantic, and São Tome & Principe off the coast of tropical Africa. A few species are used as medicinal plants, known as sources for quinine and other compounds. Linnaeus named the genus in 1742 after the Second Countess of Chinchón, the wife of a viceroy of Peru. According to some accounts, she suffered from malaria and was cured by a botanical remedy made up of the powdered bark of a native tree. The veracity of the story is uncertain, but the tree still carries her name.〔 The National Tree of Peru is in the genus ''Cinchona''. ==Description== ''Cinchona'' plants are large shrubs or small trees with evergreen foliage, growing in height. The leaves are opposite, rounded to lanceolate and 10–40 cm long. The flowers are white, pink or red, produced in terminal panicles. The fruit is a small capsule containing numerous seeds. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cinchona」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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