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Chūnagon : ウィキペディア英語版
Chūnagon

was a counselor of the second rank in the Imperial court of Japan.〔Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Nagon" in 〕 The role dates from the 7th century.
The role was eliminated from the Imperial hierarchy in 701, but it was re-established in 705. This advisory position remained a part of the Imperial court from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century.〔Nussbaum, "Chūnagon" at .〕
This became a Taihō Code office in the early feudal Japanese government or ''daijō-kan''.
In the ranks of the Imperial bureaucracy, the ''Chūnagon'' came between the ''Dainagon'' (major counselors) and the Shōnagon (minor counselors).〔Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). 〕 Imperial honors included the sometimes creation of a temporary or .〔Kodansha. (1983). "Ukita Hideie," in ''Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan,'' Vol. 8, pp. 137-138.〕
The number of ''Chūnagon'' has varied, from three in 705 to four in 756. There were eight in 1015; and in later years, there were up to ten ''Chūnagon'' at one time.〔
==Chūnagon in context==
Any exercise of meaningful powers of court officials in the pre-Meiji period reached its nadir during the years of the Tokugawa shogunate, and yet the core structures of ritsuryō government did manage to endure for centuries.〔Dickson, Walter G. ''et al.'' (1898). ; excerpt at p. 56, "Klaproth has given in his "Annals of the Emperors" a sketch of these eight boards, with the offices under each. It is ... a concise account of the government of Japan. The study of such a subject is rather dry and uninteresting, but it is necessary for any one who wishes to make himself acquainted with Japanese history, either of the past or of the present day...."〕
In order to appreciate the office of ''Chūnagon'', it is necessary to evaluate its role in the traditional Japanese context of a durable yet flexible framework. This was a bureaucratic network and a hierarchy of functionaries. The role of ''Chūnagon'' was an important element in the ''Daijō-kan'' (Council of State). The Daijō-kan schema proved to be adaptable in the creation of constitutional government in the modern period.〔Ozaki, Yukio. (2001). 〕

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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