|
''Chlamydomonas'' is a genus of green algae consisting of unicellular flagellates, found in stagnant water and on damp soil, in freshwater, seawater, and even in snow as "snow algae".〔Hoham, R.W., Bonome, T.A., Martin, C.W. and Leebens-mack, J.H. 2002. A combined 18S rDNA and rbcL phylogenetic analysis of ''Chloromonas'' and ''Chlamydomonas'' (Chlorophyceae, Volvocales ) emphasizing snow and other cold-termperature habitats. J. Phycol., 38: 1051–1064. ()〕 ''Chlamydomonas'' is used as a model organism for molecular biology, especially studies of flagellar motility and chloroplast dynamics, biogeneses, and genetics. One of the many striking features of ''Chlamydomonas'' is that it contains ion channels, (channelrhodopsins), that are directly activated by light. Some regulatory systems of ''Chlamydomonas'' are more complex than their homologs in Gymnosperms, with evolutionarily related regulatory proteins being larger and containing additional domains.〔A Falciatore, L Merendino, F Barneche, M Ceol, R Meskauskiene, K Apel, JD Rochaix (2005). The FLP proteins act as regulators of chlorophyll synthesis in response to light and plastid signals in Chlamydomonas. The red eye spot in chlamydomonas is sensitive to light and hence determines movement. Genes & Dev, 19:176-187 ()〕 Molecular phylogeny studies indicated that the traditional genus ''Chlamydomonas'' defined using morphological data was polyphyletic within Volvocales, and many species were reclassified (e.g., in ''Oogamochlamys, Lobochlamys''), and many other "''Chlamydomonas''" lineages are to be reclassificated.〔Juliet Brodie & Jane Lewis (2007). ''Unravelling the algae: the past, present, and future of algal systematics''. CRC Press. p. 140, ().〕〔Wehr, J.D., Sheath, R.G. & Kociolek, J.P. (eds., 2015). ''Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification''. Academic Press, USA, p. 275-276, ().〕〔Pröschold, T., Marin, B., Schlösser, U.W. & Melkonian, M. (2001). Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of ''Chlamydomonas'' (Chlorophyta). I. Emendation of ''Chlamydomonas'' Ehrenberg and ''Chloromonas'' Gobi, and descripription of ''Oogamochlamys'' gen. nov. and ''Lobochlamys'' gen. nov. ''Protist'' 152: 265-300, 7 figs, 5 tables, ().〕 ==Species== *''Chlamydomonas reinhardtii''〔Aoyama, H., Kuroiwa, T and Nakamura,S. 2009. The dynamic behaviour of mitochrandia in living zygotes during maturation and meiosis in'' Chlamydomonas reinhardtii''. ''Eur. J. Phycol''. 44: 497 - 507〕 *''Chlamydomonas caudata'' Wille *''Chlamydomonas moewusii'' *''Chlamydomonas nivalis'' * ''Chlamydomonas ovoidae'' It is generally found in habitat rich in ammonium salt. ''Chlamydomonas'' possesses red eye spots for photosensitivity and reproduces by both asexual and sexual means. ''Chlamydomonass asexual reproduction goes through Zoospores, Palmella stage, Aplanospores and Hypnospores; sexual reproduction through isogamy, anisogamy or oogamy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chlamydomonas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|