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Chicha
In South and Central America, ''chicha'' is a fermented or non-fermented beverage usually derived from maize.〔() Michael Andrew Malpass, ''Daily Life in the Inca Empire''. Retrieved 31 August 2008〕 Chicha includes corn beer known as ''chicha de jora'' and non-alcoholic beverages such as ''chicha morada''. ''Chichas'' can also be made from manioc root (also called yuca or cassava), grape, apple or various other fruits.
While ''chicha'' is most commonly associated with maize, the word is used in the Andes for almost any homemade fermented drink, and many unfermented drinks.〔() Hebert Edgardo Huamani Jara, "Peru's Delight, Chicha Morada" Cuzco Eats. Retrieved October 17, 2012〕 Many different grains or fruits are used to make ''chicha'' in different regions.
==Etymology and related phrases==
The exact origin of the word ''chicha'' is debated. One belief is that the word ''chicha'' is of Taino origin and became a generic term used by the Spanish to define any and all fermented beverages brewed by indigenous peoples in the Americas.〔Duke, Guy. Identity Crisis: Archaeological Perspectives on Social Identity Continuity. Volume 42. (2010: 264). https://www.academia.edu/539373/Identity_Crisis_Archaeological_Perspectives_on_Social_Identity〕 However, according to the Real Academia Española and other authors, the word ''chicha'' comes from the Kuna word ''chichab,'' or "chiab" which means maize. Furthermore, according to Don Luis G. Iza〔() Santiago Ignacio Barberena, ''Quicheísmos: contribución al estudio del folklore americano''. Retrieved 11 July 2011〕 it comes from the Nahuatl word ''chichiatl'', which means "fermented water"; the verb ''chicha'' meaning "to sour a drink" and the postfix ''-atl'' meaning water. (Note that these etymologies are not mutually exclusive.)
The common Spanish expression ''Ni chicha ni limonada'' (neither ''chicha'' nor lemonade) is roughly equivalent to the English "neither fish nor fowl". (Thus, it is used when something is not easily placed into a category.)
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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