|
''Carmichaelia'' (New Zealand Brooms) is a genus of 24 plant species belonging to Fabaceae, the legume family. All but one species are native to New Zealand. The exception, ''Carmichaelia exsul'', is native to Lord Howe Island and must have dispersed from New Zealand. The formerly recognised genera of ''Chordospartium'', ''Corallospartium'', ''Notospartium'', and ''Huttonella'' are now included in ''Carmichaelia''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Taxonomy of New Zealand native legumes )〕 The ''Carmichaelia'', ''Clianthus'' (kakabeak), ''Montigena'' (scree pea) and ''Swainsona'' genera comprise the clade Carmichaelinae.〔 ''Carmichaelia'' have a range of forms from trees to prostrate species a few centimetres high.〔 Mature plants are usually leafless, with stipules fusing into scales to replace leaves.〔 ''Carmichaelia'' is named after Captain Dugald Carmichael, a Scottish army officer and botanist who studied New Zealand plants.〔 ''Carmichaelia'' is distributed throughout New Zealand although the eastern South Island has 15 species endemic to it. Most species have a restricted range within New Zealand. They colonise disturbed ground in shallow, poor soils, drought- and frost-prone areas and alluvial soils.〔 New Zealand Broom is not closely related to the European species ''Cytisus scoparius'', Common Broom, which has been introduced to New Zealand, where it is commonly known as ''Scotch Broom'' and is classed as a noxious weed because of its invasiveness. ==Species== *''Carmichaelia aligera'' G. Simpson—North Island broom; common throughout the northern part of the North Island. *''Carmichaelia angustata'' Kirk—Leafy broom *''Carmichaelia appressa'' G.Simpson *''Carmichaelia arborea'' (G.Forst.) Druce—South Island broom *''Carmichaelia arenaria'' G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia astonii'' G.Simpson *''Carmichaelia australis'' R.Br. *''Carmichaelia carmichaeliae'' (Hook.f.) Heenan *''Carmichaelia compacta'' Petrie *''Carmichaelia corrugata'' Colenso *''Carmichaelia crassicaulis'' Hook.f.—Coral broom; occurs in arid, stony ground on the eastern side of the Southern Alps, growing up to an altitude of 1300 m. *''Carmichaelia cunninghamii'' Raoul *''Carmichaelia curta'' Petrie *''Carmichaelia egmontiana'' (Cockayne & Allan) G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia enysii'' —Dwarf broom; forms low clumps not more than a few centimetres high. Found south of Arthur's Pass. *''Carmichaelia exsul'' F.Muell *''Carmichaelia fieldii'' Cockayne *''Carmichaelia flagelliformis'' Hook.—Whip broom; the stems are rounded, thin and whippy. Found from the East Cape southwards. *''Carmichaelia floribunda'' G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia glabrata'' G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia glabrescens'' (Petrie) Heenan—Pink broom; grows up to 10 m high. It also is restricted to growing at altitude in the Marlborough region of the South Island. *''Carmichaelia grandiflora'' —Large-flowered broom; found only on the West Coast of the South Island.v *''Carmichaelia hollowayi'' G.Simpson *''Carmichaelia hookeri'' Kirk *''Carmichaelia'' ×''hutchinsii'' (M.D.Griffiths) Heenan *''Carmichaelia juncea'' Hook.f. *''Carmichaelia kirkii'' Hook.f. *''Carmichaelia lacustris'' G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia monroi'' Hook.f. *''Carmichaelia muritai'' (A.W.Purdie) Heenan *''Carmichaelia nana'' (Hook.f.) Hook.f. *''Carmichaelia nigrans'' G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia odorata'' Benth.—Scented broom *''Carmichaelia orbiculata'' Colenso *''Carmichaelia ovata'' G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia petriei'' Kirk *''Carmichaelia prona'' Kirk *''Carmichaelia ramosa'' G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia rivulata'' G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia robusta'' Kirk *''Carmichaelia silvatica'' G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia solandri'' G. Simpson *''Carmichaelia stevensonii'' (Cheeseman) Heenan—Weeping broom, Tree broom; a distinct tree, growing up to 9 m high. It occurs only at altitude in the northeast corner of the South Island, particularly along the Clarence and Awatere Rivers. *''Carmichaelia suteri'' Colenso *''Carmichaelia torulosa'' (Kirk) Heenan *''Carmichaelia uniflora'' Kirk *''Carmichaelia uniflora'' Kirk *''Carmichaelia violacea'' Kirk *''Carmichaelia virgata'' Kirk *''Carmichaelia williamsii'' Kirk—Giant-flowered broom; found in coastal regions of the Bay of Plenty and East Cape. *''Carmichaelia vexillata'' Heenan 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carmichaelia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|