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Cambourne is a new settlement and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England, in the district of South Cambridgeshire. It lies on the A428 road between Cambridge, 9 miles (14 km) to the east, and St Neots and Bedford to the west. It comprises the three villages of Great Cambourne, Lower Cambourne and Upper Cambourne. The area is close to Bourn Airfield. The final population is expected to be around 10,000.〔(Cambourne FAQs ), accessed 3 November 2007〕 Cambourne has recently been used by government departments and in school Geography lessons as it provides a useful case study of designing and building a settlement from scratch. It is the largest settlement in South Cambridgeshire, with a population just over 8,000 in the 2011 UK census. The population continues to rise sharply each year due to continued house-building and a very high birthrate.〔http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/6131815/Cambridgeshire-village-of-Cambourne-has-higher-birth-rate-than-India-China-and-US.html〕 == History == As part of plans to build thousands of new homes in the south-east of England, a new settlement on 400 ha of former agricultural land, nine miles west of Cambridge was considered in the late 1980s. In 1994 the S106 agreement from the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 was completed by the developers (McA), the local authority, Cambridgeshire County Council and the developers together with the landholders. The new settlement was to be constructed by three of Britain's leading house builders, Bovis Homes, Bryant Homes and Taylor Wimpey. Planning permission for the development at Monkfield Park was given in November 1996, while construction began in June 1998,〔South Cambridgeshire District Council (A brief planning history of Cambourne ), accessed 3 November 2007〕 on what was previously farmland. In 2008, work began on building Upper Cambourne, with an original estimated date of completion being 2012. The existing planning permission allowed 3,300 homes in the development. On 3 October 2011, planning permission was granted for a further 950 homes.〔South Cambridgeshire District Council, (Cambourne ), accessed 3 November 2007〕 This will take building work up to approximately 2016 at which stage Upper Cambourne would be completed. Cambourne was initially going to be named ''Monkfield'' after the name of the original farm, which is commemorated by a Monkfield Lane in Great Cambourne and the village pub, The Monkfield Arms. The name of the community was created from the names of Cambridge, the nearest city, and Bourn, a nearby village. The South Cambridgeshire (Parishes) Order 2004 created the new civil parish of Cambourne from 1 April 2004 and changed the boundaries of the Bourn parish.〔(Communities and Local Government: Bulletin of Changes to Local Authority Areas and Names in England: Orders made between 1 April 2003 and 31 March 2004 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cambourne」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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