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The Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) ((ネパール語:एकीकृत नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (माओवादी)), or UCPN(M), is a Nepalese political party. It was founded in 1994 and is currently led by Chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal (more commonly known as Prachanda). Following massive popular demonstrations and a prolonged civil war against the monarchy, the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) became the ruling party during the Nepalese Constituent Assembly election, 2008. The CPN(M) led a coalition government until May 4, 2009 when Prachanda resigned over a conflict with the Nepalese President, Ram Baran Yadav, regarding Prachanda's decision to sack the head of the Nepalese Army, Rookmangud Katawal. The Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) was previously known as the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). It formally unified with the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre-Masal) in January 2009, resulting in its full, current name.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nepali leading CPN-M unified with minor communist party - People's Daily Online )〕 In the most recent elections, the UCPN(M) emerged as the third largest party in the Constituent Assembly winning 80 out of 575 seats. ==Overview== The CPN(M) was formed following a split in the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre), and used the name CPN (Unity Centre) until 1995. On February 13, 1996 the party launched the "Nepalese People's War", and it gained control of some rural areas throughout Nepal before a ceasefire agreement was reached. In 2001, the civil war escalated as the Maoists attacked the Nepalese Army for the first time. Although there were intermittent ceasefires, fighting was roughly continuous through 2005. In 2005, the CPN(M) sought a different strategy of seeking permanent peace accords while forming a pro-democratic alliance with several other mainstream political parties in opposition to the monarchical dictatorship of King Gyanendra.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Achin Vanaik: The New Himalayan Republic. New Left Review 49, January-February 2008. )〕 Following massive popular uprisings and protests (some involving over a million people), a prolonged general strike in 2006, and several violent clashes between protesters and the Nepalese Army, the monarchy finally capitulated.〔 The CPN(M) gained international legitimacy as they agreed to lay down arms and participate in the new electoral process. In the aftermath of the conflict, several western European powers removed the CPN(M) from their government's terrorist lists, . In 2012, the US State Department followed suit and delisted the CPN(M) as a "terrorist organization", citing the party's "...credible commitment to pursuing peace and reconciliation...".〔"Delisting of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)", http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2012/09/197411.htm, ''www.state.gov,'' retrieved 20 September 2012〕 In early 2008, the CPN(M) won the largest voting bloc in the Nepalese Constituent Assembly. International observers, like the Carter Center, said that the election was held in a "peaceful, orderly" manner and were "satisfying"〔(Nepalnews.com Mercantile Communications Pvt. Ltd )〕 Other major political parties in Nepal such as the democratic Nepali Congress Party and the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist), however, accused the Maoists of using force and fraud to win the election. In the 2013 constituent assembly election, held on 19 November 2013, the CPN(M) fought 240 seats and won 80. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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