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Buxtehude ((:bʊkstəˈhuːdə)) is a town on the Este River in Northern Germany in the district of Stade and part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region (''Metropolregion Hamburg''). Buxtehude is a steadily growing medium-sized town and the second largest in the district of Stade. It lies on the southern borders of the Altes Land within easy reach of the city-state of Hamburg. West of it are the towns of Horneburg and Stade and to the south there are incorporated villages offering mostly upscale housing, e.g. Ottensen and Apensen. ==History== Early signs of settlements are the ''Daensen folding chair'' from a Bronze Age tumulus near Daensen and the ''Ovelgönne bread roll'' from the Pre-Roman Iron Age of Northern Europe, which was found in a loam mine in Ovelgönne. * In 959 a settlement by the Este river is first recorded. The farmer colony called "Buochstadon" is given to the cloister of Magdeburg. Soon a wharf, "Hude", is established. * In 1135 the settlement is called "Buchstadihude" referring to the successful quay. * In 1180 the Duchy of Saxony, to which "Buchstadihude" belonged, is conquered and dissolved. Buxtehude becomes part of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, newly upgraded to imperial immediacy it became one of the many successor states of the Duchy of Saxony. Nevertheless, in religious respect, Buxtehude remained a part of the Diocese of Verden until Catholic affinity faded in the Reformation with that diocese remaining vacant since 1644. * In 1197 two royal settlers found a Benedictine cloister in the near surrounding of the village. Due to the fertile soil and a partial participation in the saline of Lüneburg the wealth and population increase. * In 1280 the prince-archbishop Giselbert of Bremen orders the place to be protected by defensive walls and fortifications including 5 ''Zwingers'', 7 peels and 3 town gates. * In 1328 the town hall is mentioned for the first time and the settlement is granted full town privileges, modelled according to those of Hamburg. By now "Buxtehude" is self-governing advancing to a trading town. * In 1485 the immensely wealthy "Master Halepaghen" as the cousin tutor of the burgomaster of Hamburg dies and donates his assets to the town for scholarships and charitable purposes. *In 1542 the town council of Buxtehude adopted Lutheranism for its municipality. * In 1600s the Hanseatic trade declines and cattle trade becomes majorly important. Besides Stade, Buxtehude is the only crossover over the Elbe river. * In 1645 Buxtehude surrendered to the Swedish army and loses its independence. Trade and population recede dramatically. * In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoveran Crown. * 1769 the cloister is torn down due to the secularization. * In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region. * In 1837 the link road through the town reanimates business and trade. * 1845 is dominated by industrial boom with a paperfactory being installed on the former cloister ground. * In 1945 the population grows to 14,000. Much living space in Hamburg was bombed out and people flee to the suburbs and exurbs such as Buxtehude. * In 1958 Buxtehude is decided to be in charge of reconstructing much of Hamburg after the war and thus is heavily funded with government money. * Lower Saxony incorporates 9 neighboring villages into the town in 1972 changing the structure of Buxtehude and creating a cluster of more than 30,000 inhabitants. * In 1983 the old part of town is pedestrianized. * In 1985 town twinning with Blagnac (France) is undertaken. * In 1990 Ribnitz-Damgarten in the former German Democratic Republic becomes the second twin town. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Buxtehude」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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