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Bhojpuri (Devanagari: भोजपुरी ) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Bhojpuri region of North India and Madhesh of Nepal.〔 It is chiefly spoken in the Purvanchal region of Uttar Pradesh, in the western part of Bihar state, and in the northwestern part of Jharkhand in India.〔(Detailed language map of western Madhesh, see disjunct enclaves of language #9 in SE )〕 Bhojpuri is also spoken in Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica, The Caribbean, Fiji, Mauritius, and South Africa. It is one of the national languages of Nepal, Guyana, Fiji, Mauritius, and Suriname.〔〔 The variant of Bhojpuri of the Indo-Surinamese is also referred to as ''Sarnami Hindustani'', ''Sarnami Hindi'' or just ''Sarnami''〔(Hindustani, Caribbean ) Ethnologue (2013)〕 and has experienced considerable Creole and Dutch lexical influence. More Indians in Suriname know Bhojpuri, whereas in Guyana and Trinidad the language is largely forgotten. In Mauritius a dialect of Bhojpuri remains in use, and it is locally called ''Bojpury''.〔William J. Frawley, International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, Volume 1, ISBN 0-19-513977-1, Oxford University Press, Bhojpuri, page 481〕 This region is bounded by the Awadhi-speaking region to the west, Madhesh to the north, Magahi- and Maithili-speaking regions to the east, and Magahi- and Bagheli-speaking regions to the south.〔 ==Writing system== Bhojpuri was historically written in Kaithi scripts,〔 but since 1894, Devanagari has served as the primary script. Kaithi script was used for administrative purposes in the Mughal era for writing Bhojpuri, Awadhi, Maithili, Urdu, Magahi and Hindi from at least the 16th century up to the first decade of the 20th century. Government gazetteers report that Kaithi was used in a few districts of Bihar through the 1960s. Bhojpuri residents of India, who signed up and moved as indentured labor in Africa and the Caribbean colonies of the British Empire in 19th century and early 20th century, used Kaithi as well as Devanagari scripts.〔Rajend Mesthrie, ''Language in indenture: a sociolinguistic history of Bhojpuri-Hindi in South Africa'', Routledge, 1992, ISBN 978-0415064040, pages 30-32〕 By 1894, official texts in Bihar were written in Kaithi and Devanagari. At present almost all Bhojpuri texts are written in Devanagari even in the overseas islands where Bhojpuri is spoken. For example, in Mauritius, both Kaithi and Devanagari scripts have been in use since the arrival of Bhojpuri people from India. The Kathi script was considered informal in Mauritius, with the structure of Kaithi similar to Devanagari (spelled Devanagri in Mauritius). In modern Mauritius, Bhojpuri script is Devanagari.〔Sarita Boodho, ''Bhojpuri traditions in Mauritius'', Mauritius Bhojpuri Institute, 1999, ISBN 978-9990390216, pages 47-48 and 85-92〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bhojpuri language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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