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Beatlemania is a term that originated during the 1960s to describe the intense fan frenzy directed toward British rock band the Beatles during the early years of their success. The phenomenon began in 1963 and continued past the band's breakup in 1970. The band stopped performing live in 1966, as the screaming fans made it impossible to put on a good performance. There are multiple competing theories as to why the Beatles attracted such a fan base, with no clear agreement. After the Beatles, the term ''mania'' was used to describe the popularity of later acts. ==History== The use of the word ''mania'' to describe fandom pre-dates the Beatles by more than 100 years. Beginning in 1841, fans of Hungarian pianist and composer Franz Liszt showed a level of fanaticism similar to the Beatles. Poet Heinrich Heine coined the word ''Lisztomania'' to describe this.〔("Beatlemania: The screamers and other tales of Fandom" ), ''The Guardian''.〕 At the time, the word was used to indicate that the fan behaviour was a genuine mental illness, an implication that was not part of the later Beatlemania. Like the later Beatlemania, there was no agreement on why Liszt had such a fanatical fan base. Andi Lothian, a former Scottish music promoter, claims that he coined the term ''Beatlemania'' while speaking to a reporter at the Caird Hall Beatles concert that took place as part of the Beatles' mini-tour of Scotland, on 7 October 1963.〔(Radio interview ), ''Radio Tay AM''. Accessed 26 May 2007〕〔(Video interview ), ''The Courier''. Accessed 7 October 2013〕 An early printed use of the word is in ''The Daily Mirror'' on 2 November 1963 in a news story headlined "BEATLEMANIA! It's happening everywhere... even in sedate Cheltenham", a report about the previous day's Beatles concert there; however, there's indication that the term was introduced even earlier, on 21 October in ''The Daily Mail'', for a feature story by Vincent Mulchrone, headlined "This Beatlemania", 〔 ("'BEATLEMANIA!'" Is Born", slate.com ) 〕 Beatles' publicist Tony Barrow credited the press for the term, but saw the phenomenon as beginning with the band's appearance on the London Palladium TV show on 13 October 1963, at which point he no longer had to contact the press but had the press contacting him instead.〔 Track 5.〕 Maureen Lipman reported that after attending a concert in Hull that year, she heard that the arena "cleared away 40 pairs of abandoned knickers" from fellow young women fans. In early January 1964, TV talk show host Jack Paar gave Americans their first prime-time glimpse of Beatlemania in the UK by showing clips of their concerts and crazed fans.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=YouTube )〕 Beatlemania was already evident when the band arrived at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York in February 1964, but became common in the United States after the Beatles performed on several editions of ''The Ed Sullivan Show'' the same month; an estimated 73 million people tuned in to their February 9 appearance. Their tour of the U.S. was characterised by intense levels of hysteria and high-pitched screaming by female fans both at concerts and during the band's travels. The extent of Beatlemania in the United States is evidenced by their sales. During the 6½ years between the appearance of the "I Want to Hold Your Hand" single on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 and the ''Let It Be'' LP, the Beatles had the Number One single in the US for a total of 59 weeks and topped the LP charts for 116 weeks. In other words, they had the top-selling single one out of every six weeks, and the top-selling album one out of every three weeks.〔''The Beatles Forever'' (1977), Nicholas Schaffner, McGraw-Hill Paperbacks, p. 216.〕 The Beatles had large amounts of people, especially female fans, who enjoyed screaming while their idols sang.〔Ehrenreich, B., Hess, E., & Jacobs, G. (1992). Beatlemania: Girls just want to have fun. The adoring audience: Fan culture and popular media, 84-106.〕〔hl=en&lr=&id=lWSKAgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA84&dq=Beatlemania&ots=X1fpOVu19E&sig=pV5umk37w7tnwiiRkpU3kxexnL0#v=onepage&q=Beatlemania&f=false〕 For the Beatles, the excitement of the mania eventually began to wear off, and by 1966 they were worn out by constant touring, press attention, and ever-larger concert crowds. The crowds became so large that it was difficult to find concert venues to meet the demand. George Harrison lamented, "The more fame we got, the more girls came to see us, everybody making a noise so that nobody could hear us." The Beatles had also become major targets of public outcry for the first time when John Lennon's "More popular than Jesus" remark spread to the United States. The world experienced its last major Beatlemania event on 29 August 1966 at San Francisco's Candlestick Park. On that evening the foursome performed their last live concert in front of a crowd of 25,000 at the end of the Beatles' 1966 US Tour. That night, the Beatles retired from touring and live performing.〔http://www.televideos.com/barryhood.htm〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Beatlemania」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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