|
Beatenberg is a municipality in the Interlaken district of the canton of Bern in Switzerland. ==History== Beatenberg is first mentioned in 1275 as ''super rupes''. In 1281 it was mentioned as ''ob den fluen'' and in 1357 as ''Sant Beaten berge''.〔 The earliest trace of a settlement in the area are some early medieval graves near the ''Beatushöhlen'' (Saint Beatus cave). According to legend, Saint Beatus was a Scottish or Irish monk who was sent to evangelize the Helvetii. After finding success in the Jura Mountains, he moved into the Beatenberg area where he defeated a dragon and established a hermitage in the cave overlooking Thun Lake. While the story is probably legendary, the caves became a pilgrimage destination. A chapel was built by the cave for the visiting pilgrims. By 1230 the chapel had grown into a parish church, which in the following century was brought under the control of Interlaken Abbey.〔 During the 13th century a number of local nobles owned land or rights in and around the area. In 1334 Interlaken Abbey acquired some land in the village. The Abbey eventually grew into the largest landlord in Beatenburg. However, in 1528, Bern adopted the Protestant Reformation and secularized Interlaken Abbey. The village was acquired by Bern and placed in the bailiwick of Interlaken. The Catholic pilgrimage chapel was promptly closed and the cave was walled up. The reformed leaders built a wooden reformed church on a nearby hill in 1534-40.〔 In 1762 the village became part of the district of Unterseen. Following the 1798 French invasion and the Act of Mediation in 1803, Beatenberg became part of the newly recreated Interlaken District.〔 The municipality is made up of several scattered farming hamlets. Traditionally they lived from seasonal alpine herding along with small farms. In the 18th century several wool spinning mills moved into the village and provided additional income. A coal mine opened on the Gemmenalp in 1771, followed by another at Niederhorn in 1795. However, both mines closed in 1856. The municipality's first health spa opened in the rectory building. The first spa was so successful that by 1866 several hotels and spas had opened. It became a luxury destination which flourished until the beginning of World War I in 1914. The tourism industry remained depressed until 1959, when Beatenberg rebuilt itself as a place for vacation homes and weekend visits. By 1980 there were over 250 vacation or second apartments. Today, about 70% of the working population works in the tourism industry.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Beatenberg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|