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Baljvine is a village in Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in the municipality of Mrkonjić Grad within the administrative entity Republic Srpska. According to census estimates, in 1991 the village population was 1,140. The population decreased by 973 to 437 people in 2013. ==Geography == Lower Baljvine is located on a plateau, above the Vrbas river, at an altitude of approximately 495 meters above sea level. Upper Baljvine is about 545 meters above sea level. The edge of the village lies on the southeastern slope of Čemernica Mountain. Local roads connect Baljvine to the main roads M-16 and E-661.〔Vojnogeografski institut, Izd. (1955): Jajce (List karte 1:100.000, Izohipse na 20 m). Vojnogeografski institut, Beograd.〕〔Spahić M. et al. (2000): Bosna i Hercegovina (1:250.000). Izdavačko preduzeće „Sejtarija“, Sarajevo.〕〔Mučibabić B., Ur. (1998): Geografski atlas Bosne i Hercegovine. Geodetski zavod BiH, Sarajevo, ISBN 9958-766-00-0.〕 ==History== Baljvine dates back to the 14th or 15th century, as evidenced by the medieval stećak tombstones in the hamlet of Kocelji. In May 2003, the village was declared a national monument of culture in Bosnia and Herzegovina.〔http://www.aneks8komisija.com.ba/main.php?id_struct=6&lang=1&action=view&id=833 Stećak u Baljvinama〕 The ''Baljvanska mosque'' is another old structure residing in Baljvine. It was the only mosque not destroyed in the Banja Luka region during the War in Bosnia (1992-1995). During World War II, Baljvine was a stop on the caravan supply line for the Partisan units in Central Bosnia. The same route was used by many delegations, including the "people's government" and military delegations. This was especially useful for communications of the 24th Central-Bosnian National Liberation impact Brigade of the 11th Krajina Division of the National Liberation. The partisan caravan route passed through the Vrhovine (Highlands) from Prnjavor via Čečava, Klupe (Borja), Maslovare and Skender Vakuf to Baljvine, and from there to the entire Bosanska Krajina region. It was mainly used by the nation's Parish to transport food and livestock to the people and partisan units in Bosanska Krajina. This was done using pack horses. Military equipment, clothing, and weapons were brought in from the opposite direction to aid partisan allies. Other delegations used the same route: the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, students of military-political and medical courses, and couriers with reports and messages. It was important to maintain the traffic in both directions of the route (uvjetovle). Coupling Chetniks with the Ustashe, the Germans and residents east of Germany would monitor the route using radio and intelligence-points, and to supply recipients such as the Divisional Hospital. This was also posed as a constant danger to the caravan route wayfarers 〔Samardžija S. (1983): Četrnaesta srednjobosanska NOU brigada. Skupština opštine Prnjavor, Banja Luka.〕〔Petrić N., Ur. (1985): Opštine Kotor-Varoš i Skender-Vakuf u NOB-u 1941-1945. Radnički univerzitet „Đuro Pucar Stari“, Kotor Varoš.〕〔Đondović R., Ur. (1989): Sanitetska služba u narodnooslobodilačkom ratu Jugoslavije 1941-1945, Knj. 2: Nastanak i razvoj sanitetske službe u oružanim snagama narodnooslobodilačkog pokreta u Bosni i Hercegovini, Crnoj Gori, Hrvatskoj i Makedoniji; Biblioteka Ratna prošlost naroda i narodnosti Jugoslavije, knj. 361. Monografija Jedinica NOV i PO Jugoslavije, Knj. 150). Vojnoizdavački i novinski centar, Sanitetska uprava SSNO, Beograd.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Baljvine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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