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Afro-Belizean
Belizean Creoles, also known as Kriols, are Creole descendants of Black African slaves brought to Belize and English and Scottish log cutters, who were known as the Baymen.〔(Belize-Guatemala Territorial Issue - Chapter 1 )〕〔((Johnson,Melissa A.) ''The Making of Race and Place in Nineteenth-Century British Honduras''. Environmental History, Vol. 8, No. 4 (Oct., 2003), pp. 598-617, )〕 Over the years there has also been intermarriage with Miskito from Nicaragua, Jamaicans, other West Indians, Mestizos, and East Indians, who were brought to Belize as indentured laborers. These varied peoples have all mixed to create this ethnic group. The Belize Kriol language was historically only spoken by them, but this ethnicity has become synonymous with the Belizean national identity, and as a result Kriol is now spoken by about 75% of Belizeans.〔 Creoles are found predominantly in urban areas, such as Belize City, in most coastal towns and villages, and in the Belize River Valley.
==Ethnicity==
Until the early 1980s, Belizean Creoles constituted close to 60% of the population of Belize, but today they are about 25% of the population. This was due to an influx of Central Americans coming in from neighboring countries, as well as emigration of approximately 85,000 Creoles, primarily to the United States.〔 Today, identifying as a Creole may confuse some; a person who identifies himself or herself as a Creole may have fair skin and blonde hair or dark skin and kinky hair. The term, 'Creole', denotes a culture more than physical appearance.〔 In Belize, Creole is the standard term for any person of at least partial Black African descent, who is not Garinagu, or any person that speaks Kriol as a first or sole language. This includes immigrants from Africa and the West Indies who have settled in Belize and intermarried with locals. Indeed, the concept of Creole and that of ‘mixture’ have almost become synonymous to the extent that any individual with Afro-European ancestry combined with any other ethnicity—whether Mestizo, Garifuna or Maya—is now likely to be considered 'Creole'.
When the National Kriol Council began standardizing the orthography for Kriol they decided that they would only promote the spelling ''Kriol'' for the language, but they would continue to use the spelling ''Creole'' when referring to the people in English.〔Decker, Ken (2005) ''The Song of Kriol: A Grammar of the Kriol Language of Belize''. Belize City: Belize Kriol Project, pp. 2]〕〔Crosbie, Paul, ed. (2007) ''Kriol-Inglish Dikshineri: English-Kriol Dictionary''. Belize City: Belize Kriol Project, pp. 196]〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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