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・ Acallis amblytalis
・ Acallis gripalis
・ Acallis xantippe
・ Acallistus
・ Acallomyces
・ Acallosuchus
・ Acalmani
・ Acalmani (Ayutla de los Libres), Guerrero
・ Acalmani (Igualapa), Guerrero
・ Acalodegma
・ Acalolepta
・ Acalolepta australis
・ Acalolepta degener
・ Acalolepta luxuriosa
・ Acalus Lockwood Palmer
Acalvaria
・ Acalymma
・ Acalymma albidovittata
・ Acalymma gouldi
・ Acalypha
・ Acalypha australis
・ Acalypha bipartita
・ Acalypha californica
・ Acalypha ciliata
・ Acalypha cupricola
・ Acalypha dictyoneura
・ Acalypha dikuluwensis
・ Acalypha ecuadorica
・ Acalypha eggersii
・ Acalypha eremorum


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Acalvaria : ウィキペディア英語版
Acalvaria

Acalvaria is a rare malformation consisting of absence of the calvarial bones, dura mater and associated muscles in the presence of a normal skull base and normal facial bones. The central nervous system is usually unaffected. The presumed pathogenesis of acalvaria is faulty migration of the membranous neurocranium with normal placement of the embryonic ectoderm, resulting in absence of the calvaria but an intact layer of skin over the brain parenchyma. In other words, instead of having a skull cap protecting the brain, there is only skin covering it.〔"Acalvaria." Right Diagnosis. Health Grades Inc., n.d. Web. 27 Nov. 2012. == Pathogenesis ==
Currently there is no identified cause of acalvaria.〔 The primary presumed pathogenesis is problematic migration of the membranous neurocranium with respect to the normal positioning of the immature ectoderm.〔 When an embryo develops normally, the anterior neural pore closes about the fourth week. After this occurs, mesenchymal tissue migrates under the ectoderm. This ectoderm underlies where the cerebral hemisphere will eventually be. When a fetus has acalvaria, the embryonic ectoderm is in its correct place, but the mesenchymal migration does not occur correctly. Therefore, acalvaria is considered to be a postneurulation defect.〔Khadilkar, V. V., A. V. Khadilkar, A. A. Nimbalkar, and A. S. Kinnare. "Acalvaria." Acalvaria. N.p., 17 June 2004. Web. 20 Nov. 2012.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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