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portamento
In music, portamento (plural: ''portamenti'', from (イタリア語:portamento), meaning "carriage" or "carrying") is a pitch sliding from one note to another. The term originated from the Italian expression "portamento della voce" (carriage of the voice), denoting from the beginning of the 17th century its use in vocal performances〔Harris 2001.〕 and its emulation by members of the violin family and certain wind instruments,〔Stowell 2001.〕 and is sometimes used interchangeably with anticipation.〔Merritt 1939, 82; Jeppesen 1946, 184 & 188; Gauldin 1985, ; Stewart 1994, 37; Schenker 2001, 88; Benjamin 2005, 71.〕 It is also applied to one type of glissando as well as to the "glide" function of synthesizers.
==Vocal portamento==
In the first example, Rodolfo's first aria in ''La Sonnambula'' (1831), the portamento is indicated by the slur between the 3rd and 4th notes. The second example, Judit's first line in ''Duke Bluebeard's Castle'' (1912), employs a short, straight line between the fourth and fifth notes to indicate a steady rise in pitch. If the composer desired the pitches to be, variously, raised and lowered between those two notes, the wavy line would additionally be curvy, conveying an approximation of the pitches intended. Portamento may, of course, also be used for descending intervals.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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