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mineraloid : ウィキペディア英語版
mineraloid
A mineraloid is a mineral-like substance that does not demonstrate crystallinity. Mineraloids possess chemical compositions that vary beyond the generally accepted ranges for specific minerals. For example, obsidian is an amorphous glass and not a crystal. Jet is derived from decaying wood under extreme pressure. Opal is another mineraloid because of its non-crystalline nature. Pearl, considered by some to be a mineral because of the presence of calcium carbonate crystals within its structure, would be better considered a mineraloid because the crystals are bonded by an organic material, and there is no definite proportion of the components.
==Common mineraloids==

* Amber, non-crystalline structure, organic
* Ebonite, vulcanized natural or synthetic rubber (organic); lacks a crystalline structure
* Jet, non-crystalline nature, organic (very compact coal)
* Lechatelierite, nearly pure silica glass
* Limonite, a mixture of oxides and hydroxides of iron
* Mercury, liquid (IMA/CNMNC valid mineral name)
* Obsidian, volcanic glass - non-crystalline structure, a glass and quartz mixture
* Opal, non-crystalline silicon dioxide, a mix of minerals (IMA/CNMNC valid mineral name)
* Pearl, organically produced carbonate
* Petroleum, liquid, organic
* Pyrobitumen, amorphous fossilized petroleum (noncrystalline, organic)
* Tektites, meteoritic silica glass

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「mineraloid」の詳細全文を読む



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