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gastritis : ウィキペディア英語版
gastritis


Gastritis is inflammation of the lining of the stomach. It may occur as a short episode or may be of a long duration. The most common symptom is upper abdominal pain.〔 Other symptoms include nausea and vomiting, bloating, loss of appetite, and heart burn.〔 Others may have no symptoms. Complications may include bleeding, stomach ulcers, and stomach tumors.〔 When due to autoimmune problems, low red blood cells due to not enough vitamin B12 may occur, a condition known as pernicious anemia.

Common causes include infection with ''Helicobacter pylori'' and NSAIDs. Less common causes include alcohol, smoking, cocaine, severe illness, autoimmune problems, radiation therapy, and Crohn disease among others. Endoscopy, a type of X-ray known as an upper gastrointestinal series, blood tests, and stool tests may help with diagnosis.〔 The symptoms of gastritis may be a presentation of a myocardial infarction. Other conditions with similar symptoms include inflammation of the pancreas, gallbladder problems, and peptic ulcer disease.〔

Prevention is by avoiding things that cause the disease.〔 Treatment includes medications such as antacids, H2 blockers, or proton pump inhibitors.〔 During an acute attack drinking viscous lidocaine may help. If gastritis is due to NSAIDs these may be stopped. If ''H. pylori'' is present it may be treated with a combination of antibiotics such as amoxicillin and clarithromycin.〔 For those with pernicious anemia, vitamin B12 supplements are recommended either by mouth or by injection.〔 People are usually advised to avoid foods that bother them.

Gastritis is believed to affect about half of people.〔 As people get older the disease becomes more common. It, along with a similar condition in the first part of the intestines known as duodenitis, resulted in 60,000 deaths in 2013. ''H. pylori'' was first discovered in 1981 by Barry Marshall and Robin Warren.
== Signs and symptoms ==

Many people with gastritis experience no symptoms at all. However, upper central abdominal pain is the most common symptom; the pain may be dull, vague, burning, aching, gnawing, sore, or sharp. Pain is usually located in the upper central portion of the abdomen, but it may occur anywhere from the upper left portion of the abdomen around to the back.
Other signs and symptoms may include the following:
*Nausea
*Vomiting (if present, may be clear, green or yellow, blood-streaked, or completely bloody, depending on the severity of the stomach inflammation)
*Belching (if present, usually does not relieve the pain much)
*Bloating
*Early satiety
*Loss of appetite
*Unexplained weight loss

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「gastritis」の詳細全文を読む



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