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anthropology
Anthropology is the study of humanity.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=anthropology )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.aaanet.org/about/whatisanthropology.cfm )〕 Its main subdivisions are social and cultural anthropology,〔〔〔 which describes the workings of societies around the world, linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life, and biological or physical anthropology,〔〔〔 which concerns long-term development of the human organism. Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence, is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, although in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right, or related to other disciplines. Eric R. Wolf states "Ideas about race, culture and peoplehood or ethnicity have long served to orient anthropology's inquiries ..."
==Origin and development of the term==
(詳細はanthropology'' is first attested in reference to history.〔 Its present use first appeared in Renaissance Germany in the works of Magnus Hundt and Otto Casmann. Their New Latin ''ラテン語:anthropologia'' derived from the combining forms of the Greek words ''ánthrōpos'' (, "human") and ''lógos'' (, "study").〔''Oxford English Dictionary'', 1st ed. "anthropology, ''n.''" Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1885.〕 (Its adjectival form appeared in the works of Aristotle.)〔 It began to be used in English, possibly via French ''フランス語:anthropologie'', by the early 18th century.〔
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