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Mustaali
Mustā‘lī Ismāʿīlī or Mustā‘lī ((アラビア語:مستعلي)) is a sect of Ismā'īlī Shia Islam, so named for their acceptance of Al-Musta'li as the nineteenth Fatimid caliph and legitimate successor to his father, al-Mustansir. In contrast, the Nizāriyya Muslims—presently headed by the Aga Khan—believe the rightful nineteenth caliph was Musta'lī's elder brother, Nizār. The Mustaʿlī sect originated in Egypt, later moved its religious center to Yemen, and gained a foothold in India through missionaries of the 11th century.
== Fiqhs of Mustā‘līyyah: Ṭayyibiyyah and Ḥāfiziyyah ==
The ''"Mustā‘līyyah"'' has a fiqh system, which is known as the ''Taiyabi'' or ''Ṭayyibī'' ((アラビア語:طيبي)), after the last Imām whom they recognize, Ṭayyib Abī l-Qāṣim. Historically, there was a distinction between the ''Ṭayyibiyyah'' and the ''Ḥāfiziyyah'', the latter recognizing the Fatimid rulers of Egypt (between 1130–1171) as legitimate Imāms, and not Ṭayyib Abī l-Qāṣim. The Hafizi view lost all support following the downfall of the Fatimid dynasty: current-day Mustā‘līyyah are all ''Ṭayyibiyyah''.
The largest Mustaali group is the Bohra, and the largest Bohra group is the Dawoodi Bohra, primarily found in India. The name ''Bohra'' is a reinterpretation of the Gujarati word ''vahaurau'' ("to trade"). The Bohrā people comprise two principal groups: a chiefly merchant class Shīʿī majority, and a Sunnī minority who are mainly peasant farmers.
Currently, the largest sect of Dawoodi Bohra is led by 53rd Dai-al-Mutlaq Syedna Mufaddal Saifuddin, son of 52nd Dai-al-Mutlaq Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin, serving as the representative of the Imam.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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