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''Kifu'' (棋譜) is the Japanese term for a game record for a game of Go or shogi. ''Kifu'' is traditionally used to record games on a grid diagram, marking the plays on the points by numbers. ==History== This term is originally from China. In China, people named this kind of record "Ch'i-p'u" (qípǔ, Traditional Chinese: 棋譜, Simplified Chinese: 棋谱). The earliest surviving kifu are collected by the book "Wangyou Qingle Ji" (''Forget Worry Pure Happy Collection'', Traditional Chinese: 忘憂清樂集), written by Li Yimin (Traditional Chinese: 李逸民) around 1100 AD (Song dynasty). A large corpus — many thousands of games — of ''kifu'' records from the Edo period has survived. Quite a low proportion was published in book form; strong players used to make their own copies by hand of games to study. This accounts for one feature of the records passed down: they often omit much of the endgame, since for a strong player reconstructing the smaller endgame plays is routine. This explains the survival of some games in different versions, and possible discrepancies in the final margin. The early Western Go players found the method of ''kifu'' inconvenient, probably because as chess players they were more familiar with algebraic notation, and because as new players they found it difficult to locate moves. But they quickly discovered the advantages of kifu-style notation—as much as an entire game can be visually displayed in one diagram—and now virtually all Go books and magazines use some modification of the ''kifu'' to display games, variations and problems. While a typical piece of chess literature is in algebraic notation punctuated by occasional diagrams, Go literature mostly consists of diagrams with a sequence of plays marked, and prose commentary. The pioneering European player Oskar Korschelt disliked ''kifu'' because nineteenth century ''kifu'' always used Chinese numerals, which are indeed difficult to read unless one is familiar with them. Numbering in that style continued until 1945, having been popular in the 1930s on the basis of nationalist feeling in Japan. (Hindu-Arabic numerals were also used.) In Japanese Go books, when unoccupied points of the board are mentioned in the commentary, they are usually labelled by hiragana (in iroha order) to this day. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kifu」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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