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Gospel
A gospel is an account describing the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth. The most widely known examples are the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John which are included in the New Testament, but the term is also used to refer to apocryphal gospels, non-canonical gospels, Jewish-Christian gospels, and gnostic gospels.
Christianity places a high value on the four canonical gospels, which it considers to be a revelation from God and central to its belief system.〔Stott, John R.W. "Basic Christianity". Inter-Varsity Press, 1971. p. 12〕 Christianity traditionally teaches that the four canonical gospels are an accurate and authoritative representation of the life of Jesus,〔Keller, Timothy. "The Reason for God". Dutton, 2008. p. 100〕 but more liberal churches and many scholars believe that not everything contained in the gospels is historically reliable.〔The Myth about Jesus, Allvar Ellegard 1992; Craig Evans, "Life-of-Jesus Research and the Eclipse of Mythology", Theological Studies 54 (1993) p. 5; Charles H. Talbert, What Is a Gospel? The Genre of Canonical Gospels pg 42 (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1977); “The Historical Figure of Jesus", Sanders, E.P., Penguin Books: London, 1995, p., 3; Fire of Mercy, Heart of the Word (Vol. II): Meditations on the Gospel According to St. Matthew – Dr Erasmo Leiva-Merikakis, Ignatius Press, Introduction; Grant, Robert M., "A Historical Introduction to the New Testament" (Harper and Row, 1963) http://www.religion-online.org/showchapter.asp?title=1116&C=1230; 〕 For example, professor of religion Linda Woodhead notes some scholarship reinforces the claim that "the gospels' birth and resurrection narratives can be explained as attempts to fit Jesus’s life into the logic of Jewish expectation". However, New Testament scholar N. T. Wright holds firmly to the historical authenticity of the death and resurrection of Jesus, stating that of the whole Bible, this is the story with the most overwhelming historical evidence.
==Etymology==
(詳細はOld English ''gōd-spell'' (rarely ''godspel''), meaning "good news" or "glad tidings", and is a calque (word-for-word translation) of the Greek word , ''euangelion'' (''eu-'' "good", ''-angelion'' "message") or in Aramaic (ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ewang'eliyawn).〔 The gospel was considered the "good news" of the coming Kingdom of Messiah, and of redemption through the life and death and resurrection of Jesus, the central Christian message.〔"Gospel". Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005〕 The Greek word ''euangelion'' is also the source (via Latinised ''evangelium'') of the terms "evangelist" and "evangelism" in English. The authors of the four canonical Christian gospels are known as the Four Evangelists.
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