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The Carthusian Order, also called the Order of Saint Bruno, is a Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics. The order was founded by Saint Bruno of Cologne in 1084 and includes both monks and nuns. The order has its own Rule, called the ''Statutes'', rather than the Rule of Saint Benedict, and combines eremitical and cenobitic life. The name ''Carthusian'' is derived from the Chartreuse Mountains; Saint Bruno built his first hermitage in the valley of these mountains in the French Alps. The word ''charterhouse'', which is the English name for a Carthusian monastery, is derived from the same source.〔In other languages: (オランダ語:Kartuize); (フランス語:Chartreuse); (ドイツ語:Kartause); (イタリア語:Certosa); (ポーランド語:Kartuzja); (スペイン語:Cartuja)〕 The same mountain range lends its name to the alcoholic cordial Chartreuse produced by the monks since 1737 which itself gives rise to the name of the colour. The motto of the Carthusians is ''Stat crux dum volvitur orbis'', Latin for "The Cross is steady while the world is turning." ==History== In 1084 Bishop Hugh of Grenoble offered Bruno, the former Chancellor of the Diocese of Reims, a solitary site in the mountains of his diocese, in the valley of Chartreuse. There Bruno and six companions built a hermitage, consisting of a few log cabins opening towards a gallery that allowed them access to the communal areas, the church, refectory, and chapter room without having to suffer too much from intemperate conditions.〔(The Carthusian Order )〕 Six years later, Bruno's former pupil, Pope Urban II requested his services. He would only live in Rome for a few short months however, before leaving to establish a new hermitage in the forests of Calabria, in the south of Italy, with a few new companions. He died there on October 6, 1101.〔 In 1132, an avalanche destroyed the first hermitage, killing 7 monks under the snow. The fifth prior of Chartreuse, Guiges, rebuilt the hermitage.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carthusians」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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