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Cameron Health
Cameron Health is a medical device developer based in San Clemente, California, USA. Cameron Health has its European office, Cameron Health BV, in Arnhem, The Netherlands. The privately held company's focus is on a new generation of minimally invasive implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) which they call a Subcutaneous Implantable Defibrillator (S-ICD). Cameron Health's approach avoids implanting transvenous leads into the heart, which has been the usual procedure for cardiac devices. Instead, the Cameron ICD is entirely implanted outside the thoracic wall.
==Reasons for a minimally invasive approach==
Every ICD is designed to detect heart rhythms consistent with a catastrophic failure of the body's natural regulation of the heartbeat, which, untreated, could result in death. When an ICD detects a serious arrhythmia, it issues an electrical impulse to the heart muscle, of a magnitude sufficient to cause the heart to revert to a normal rhythm. ICDs with transvenous leads administer this shock to the interior of the heart muscle; the Cameron Health device generates a more powerful shock which can be effective from outside the heart. In the view of Cameron Health, transvenous leads into the heart needlessly complicate the process of implanting a device, and raises other issues and risks which their less invasive approach avoids.
The Cameron Health subcutaneous ICD sits outside the ribcage and has no connection to the interior of the heart. The surgical procedure for implantation is minimally invasive as opposed to the traditional procedure of threading leads into the subclavian venous system, through the superior vena cava and into one or more endocardial areas of the heart, a procedure often requiring a cardiologist with specialized training in electrophysiology. In addition to the risks inherent in cardiac surgery, the leads have themselves proved to be a weakness in some ICD designs. According to one estimate, patients with ICDs have a 20 percent chance of lead failure within 10 years, and replacing the leads carries a risk of death of between 2 and 5 percent. Some device manufacturers have had to replace defective leads which exposed implanted individuals to unnecessary shocks or other malfunctions, in some cases possibly resulting in fatalities.
The Cameron Health S-ICD has the disadvantage of being somewhat bulkier than existing ICDs.〔 Also, this kind of ICD does not include a pacemaker, which narrows the range of patients for whom it would be appropriate; it is estimated that a majority of patients now receiving combination pacemaker/ICD implants would qualify for a pure ICD. These patients tend to have genetic or other conditions predisposing them to sudden cardiac death due to a failure of the heart of maintain a normal rhythm.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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