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Bruton is a small town, electoral ward, and civil parish in Somerset, England, situated on the River Brue along the A359 between Frome and Yeovil. It is seven miles south-east of Shepton Mallet, just south of Snakelake Hill and Coombe Hill, ten miles north-west of Gillingham and twelve miles south-west of Frome in the South Somerset district. The town and electoral ward have a population of 2,907.〔 The parish includes the hamlets of Wyke Champflower and Redlynch. Bruton station is situated on the Great Western Main Line (often referred to as the Berks and Hants route) between Westbury and Taunton although the stretch between Westbury and Castle Cary is also part of the Heart of Wessex line and is only served by rail services between Bristol and Weymouth. Bruton has a museum dedicated to the display of items from Bruton's past from the Jurassic geology right up to the present day. The museum houses a table used by the author John Steinbeck to write on during his six-month stay in Bruton. The River Brue has a long history of flooding in Bruton. In 1768 the river rose very rapidly and destroyed a stone bridge. On the 28 June 1917, 242.8 mm of rain fell in 24 hours at Bruton,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Boscastle storm of August 2004 and other heavy rainfall events of the last century in the area )〕 leaving a water mark on one pub twenty feet above the normal level of the river. In 1984 a protective dam was built 1 km upstream from the town. ==History== The Church of St Mary, Bruton was founded by Ine of Wessex in the 7th century,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.stmarysbruton.org/welcome )〕 Bruton was listed in the Domesday Book of 1086 as ''Briuuetone'', meaning 'Vigorously flowing river' from the Old English ''tor'' and Celtic ''briw'' meaning vigour. The river has been the site of several watermills and in 2003 the South Somerset Hydropower Group installed their first hydroelectric turbine at Gants Mill at nearby Pitcombe.〔(Mirage and oasis: Energy choices in an age of global warming ), ''New Economics Foundation'', ISBN 1-904882-01-3, published June 2005, accessed 11 June 2007〕〔(Case Study - Gants Mill ), ''British Hydropower Association'', published 2004, accessed (sic) 11 June 2007〕 It was the site of Bruton Abbey, a medieval Augustinian priory from which a wall remains in the Plox close to Bow Bridge. The priory was sold after the dissolution of the monasteries to the courtier Sir Maurice Berkeley (died 1581) whose Bruton branch of the Berkeley family converted it into a mansion which was demolished in the late eighteenth century. The Dovecote which overlooks Bruton was built in the sixteenth century. It was at one time used as a house, possibly as a watchtower and as a dovecote. It is a Grade II * listed building and ancient monument. It is managed by the National Trust. The building was once within the deerpark of the Abbey and was adapted by the monks from a gabled Tudor tower. The conversion to be a dovecote took place around 1780. It has over 200 pigeon holes.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://somersetroutes.co.uk/site/bruton-dovecote/20 )〕 Bruton was part of the hundred of Bruton.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=18728 )〕 Bruton is referenced in a well-known English folk song, ''The Bramble Briar''. A very rare copy of an Inspeximus of Magna Carta was discovered in Bruton in the 1950s and claimed by King's School, Bruton. The sale of the school's copy to the Australian National Museum paid for a great deal of the building work at the school. Much of the town's history is exhibited at the Bruton Museum. The museum is housed in the Dovecote Building, in the town's High Street. The building also contains a tourist information office.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.southsomerset.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=6592 )〕 The Bruton Museum Society was formed in 1989 and involved the community and local schools in the development of the collection of local artefacts. It was initially housed in the basement of the Co-Op and then in a disused Coach House owned by the National Westminster Bank. The museum moved to its current location in 1999 after it was jointly purchased by South Somerset District Council and Bruton Town Council.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ww2.southsomerset.gov.uk/media/pdf/b/8/Item_12_-_Revenue_Grant_Requests.pdf )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://brutontown.co.uk/history/museum.html )〕 The time spent in the town by John Steinbeck is commemorated in the museum. They have also organised exhibitions at King's School including one in 2008 of the work of Ernst Blensdorf.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.galleries.co.uk/pr/s7-08-BRUTON-MUSEUM-AT-KINGS-SCHOOL-pr1.htm )〕 In 2010 an anonymous donor agreed to pay the rent on the building, removing earlier doubts about the future viability of the museum. In December 2012 plans were announced by Hauser & Wirth to open a new gallery and arts centre at a derelict farm on the outskirts on Bruton. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bruton」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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