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| image = Araucaria araucana Lanin.jpg | image_caption = ''Araucaria araucana'' growing around a lake in Neuquén, Argentina | regnum = Plantae | divisio = Pinophyta | classis = Pinopsida | ordo = Pinales | familia = Araucariaceae | genus = ''Araucaria'' | genus_authority = Juss. | type_species = ''Araucaria araucana'' | type_species_authority = Pav. | range_map = Araucaria Distribtion.svg | range_map_caption = Worldwide distribution of Araucaria species. }} ''Araucaria'' () is a genus of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Araucariaceae. There are 19 extant species in the genus, with a Gondwanan natural distribution in New Caledonia (where 13 species are endemic), Norfolk Island, eastern Australia, New Guinea, Argentina, Chile, and southern Brazil. ==Description== ''Araucaria'' are mainly large trees with a massive erect stem, reaching a height of . The horizontal, spreading branches grow in whorls and are covered with leathery or needle-like leaves. In some species, the leaves are narrow awl-shaped and lanceolate, barely overlapping each other, in others they are broad and flat, and overlap broadly.〔 The trees are mostly dioecious, with male and female cones found on separate trees,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Practical Seedling Growing: Growing ''Araucaria'' from Seeds )〕 though occasional individuals are monoecious or change sex with time. The female cones, usually high on the top of the tree, are globose, and vary in size between species from diameter. They contain 80–200 large, edible seeds, similar to pine nuts though larger. The male cones are smaller, long, and narrow to broad cylindrical, broad. The genus is familiar to many people as the genus of the distinctive Chilean pine or monkey-puzzle tree (''Araucaria araucana''). The genus is named after the Spanish exonym ''Araucano'' ("from Arauco") applied to the Mapuches of central Chile and south-west Argentina whose territory incorporates natural stands of this genus. The Mapuche people call it ', and consider it sacred.〔 Some Mapuches living in the Andes name themselves ' ("people of the '") as they traditionally harvested the seeds extensively for food.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''Araucaria columnaris'' )〕 No distinct vernacular name exists for the genus. Many are called "pine", although they are only distantly related to true pines, in the genus ''Pinus''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Araucaria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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