| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Abrotrichini ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Abrotrichini
Abrotrichini, also known as the Andean clade〔Smith and Patton, 1999, p. 104〕 or southern Andean clade,〔Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1087〕 is a tribe of rodents in the subfamily Sigmodontinae.〔D'Elía et al., 2007, p. 188〕 It includes about fifteen species in five genera,〔Musser and Carleton, 2005〕 distributed in South America from southern Peru to southernmost South America, including the Patagonian steppes. The earliest known fossils are from the Pliocene of Argentina.〔
==Taxonomy==
Abrotrichines were universally placed in the tribe Akodontini until the 1990s, and some were even classified within the genus ''Akodon''. Allozyme studies in the early 1990s first provided evidence for their distinction from Akodontini,〔 and in 1999 a study analyzing sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome ''b'' gene found further evidence for the distinction between Akodontini and this group and proposed the name Abrotrichini for the latter.〔Smith and Patton, 1999, p. 106〕 The name Abrotrichini remained formally unavailable under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, however, because their proposal had been conditional.〔Smith and Patton, 1999, p. 106: "An appropriate name for the new tribe would be Abrotrichini"; D'Elía et al., 2007, p. 190〕 Thus, the clade remained without a valid name and for this reason it was included in Akodontini in the 2005 third edition of ''Mammal Species of the World''.〔 Other phylogenetic studies, which also incorporated nuclear genes, affirmed the distinction between Akodontini and the new group.〔D'Elía, 2003, fig. 1; D'Elía et al., 2003, fig. 2; D'Elía et al., 2006, figs. 1, 2〕 In 2007, Guillermo D'Elía and coworkers published a full diagnosis of the tribe Abrotrichini, validating the name.〔
Abrotrichini includes five genera—''Abrothrix'', ''Chelemys'', ''Geoxus'', ''Notiomys'', and ''Pearsonomys''—which fall into two major subgroups, one including only ''Abrothrix'' and one including the four other genera.〔D'Elía et al., 2007, p. 190〕 ''Abrothrix'' has formerly been included in ''Akodon'' and includes about nine species, among which are the northernmost abrotrichine, ''Abrothrix jelskii'' as well as far southern forms such as ''Abrothrix lanosus''.〔Musser and Carleton, 2005, pp. 1088–1091〕 Within the remaining group, ''Chelemys'' is sister to the remaining genera;〔 it includes three species found in central and southern Chile and nearby Argentina.〔Musser and Carleton, 2005, pp. 1109–1110〕 The remaining three genera, each of which includes a single species, are closely related and share fossorial (digging) habits.〔 ''Geoxus'' occurs in central and southern Chile and nearby Argentina,〔Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1116〕 ''Notiomys'' in southern Argentina,〔Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1136〕 and ''Pearsonomys'' in central Chile.〔Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1160〕
The tribe is part of the clade Oryzomyalia, which includes most of the subfamily Sigmodontinae.〔D'Elía et al., 2006, fig. 1〕 Within Oryzomyalia, some studies have recovered ''Wiedomys'' as the closest relative of Abrotrichini,〔Smith and Patton, 1999, figs. 4, 5; D'Elía et al., 2006, fig. 1〕 but the basal relationships among the components of Oryzomyalia remain elusive.〔D'Elía et al., 2006, p. 563〕 Sigmodontinae encompasses hundreds of species found throughout South America and into North America. It is one of several subfamilies recognized in the family Cricetidae, which includes many more species, mainly from Eurasia and North America.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Abrotrichini」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|